have been 和had been 什么区别

have been 是现在完成时
1、have been可以认为是现在完成进行时的标志.结构have been doing.
一般来说现在完成进行时有两种用法.一表示过去的动作延续到现在,并有可能延续下去:
He has been working out all day.他整天在锻炼.(暗示有可能继续锻炼.)
二是现在完成进行时有时富有情感色彩.这是现在完成时所没有的功能:
He has been always talking with his girlfriend.他总在跟女友唠叨.(有情感色彩)
He has always talked with his girlfriend. 他总跟女友聊天.(没有感情色彩)
2、have been可以认为是现在完成时的主动形式和被动形式,如:
He has gone to work. 他已去上班了.(主动)
He has been arrested.他被逮捕了.(被动)
had been 是过去完成时
即过去完成过什么动作 做过这件事
i had been a good student我过去曾经是一个好学生
had been也可用在虚拟语气中 表示假设 比如说
if i could go to school, i had been agood student